Mahakumbh-2025: Ganga’s Waters Now Fit for a Sacred Dip After Two Months of Intensive Cleaning

The holy waters of the Ganga at Prayagraj’s Sangam point are now considered fit for bathing, after a significant two-month cleanup initiative in preparation for the Mahakumbh-2025. This comprehensive effort has resulted in one of the cleanest forms of the river seen in years. The transformation follows a series of measures aimed at improving the water quality, which is crucial for the millions of devotees set to take part in the festival.

Key Steps Taken to Clean the Ganga Water:

1. Industrial Closures:

   • Industries across 23 districts were instructed to shut down to prevent the release of harmful chemicals into the river.
   • Temporary shutdown periods were synchronized with key bathing dates during Mahakumbh, ensuring clean water for pilgrims.

2. Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs):

   • 34 untreated drains that had been releasing raw sewage into the Ganga were redirected to new STPs.
   • STPs helped to treat the sewage before it entered the river, significantly improving water quality.

3. Increased Freshwater Flow:

   • The Narora Dam in Bulandshahr district released over 6,000 cusecs of fresh water into the Ganga.
   • This move diluted pollutants in the river, improving water quality temporarily but effectively.

4. Water Quality Monitoring:

   • Initial water quality tests showed that the Ganga’s dissolved oxygen (DO) level was at 7.9 mg/l and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was at 2.8 mg/l.
   • After the cleanup efforts, the DO level rose to 8.3 mg/l, and the BOD level decreased to 3.0 mg/l—both indicating safe water for bathing.

Mahakumbh-2025: Rituals and Environmental Efforts Aligned

• First Shahi Snan: The first major bathing day of the Mahakumbh, January 13, 2025, will see millions of devotees dipping into the holy waters at Sangam.
• Key Dates for Ritual Bathing:
  • January 13, 14, and 29
  • February 3, 12, and 26
• Temporary Shutdowns: Industrial shutdowns are scheduled for the days leading up to these significant bathing dates to maintain water quality.

Water Quality Parameters for Safe Bathing:

• Dissolved Oxygen (DO): Should be above 5 mg/l to ensure the water is fit for bathing.
• Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD): Should be less than 3 mg/l to indicate the water is clean.

With the current water quality readings, the Ganga is now deemed suitable for devotees to bathe in, fulfilling both environmental and spiritual requirements.

Challenges Faced During the Cleanup:

1. Handling Sewage Overflow:

   • Prayagraj alone produces 468.28 million liters of sewage per day, requiring urgent treatment capacity improvements.
   • 34 untapped drains contributed to 128.28 million liters of untreated sewage, which needed redirection and treatment.

2. Coordination of Industrial Closures:

   • The closure of industries required extensive planning and enforcement, especially since many industrial units rely on the Ganga's water for operations.

3. Monitoring and Testing:

   • Continuous monitoring of water quality was crucial to track the success of the cleanup measures and ensure safety for pilgrims.

Looking Ahead: The Future of Ganga’s Cleanliness and Mahakumbh

• Sustainability Efforts: The cleanup efforts have set a positive precedent, but long-term solutions for maintaining water quality year-round are needed.
• Encouraging Pilgrims to Participate: The cleaner water is a welcome change for devotees, ensuring that their spiritual experience remains both sacred and safe.
• A Symbol of Renewal: The Mahakumbh-2025 will not only be a religious gathering but also an environmental milestone, showcasing how collective action can help restore one of India’s most revered rivers.